Ransomware

Ransomware is a type of malicious software (malware) that is designed to deny access to data and/or systems until a ransom is paid. It is usually distributed via malicious links in emails or websites, or by exploiting security vulnerabilities in a computer system, with the goal of extorting a ransom payment from the victim. Ransomware has become increasingly prevalent in recent years as cybercriminals attempt to monetize their attacks.

Ransomware works by encrypting files on the victim’s computer with a unique encryption key, which is usually managed by the attacker. Victims are typically provided with information on how to pay the ransom in order to receive the key. The ransom can be either paid directly to the attackers, or to a “third-party” intermediary who assists in managing the payment. The ransomware can be used to target individuals, businesses, or both.

Since ransomware threats have become more prevalent, numerous types of ransomware have emerged. These include encrypting ransomware, which encrypts files on the victim’s computer; lockers, which locks the victim out of their computer and requires a ransom for the unlock code; attack kits, which are used by cybercriminals to create their own malicious software; and nagware, which uses pop-ups and messages to demand payment of a ransom.

Ransomware is a serious threat to computer security, as it can lead to valuable data being lost and systems becoming inoperable. The best way to protect against ransomware is to ensure that systems are updated with the latest security patches, and to avoid clicking on suspicious links or attachments. Users should also practice the principle of defense in depth, using best practices such as account lockout, threat detection, and regular system backups.